Inglés PAU 2021

Enunciado del examen en texto

Texto sacado del PDF oficial. Las fórmulas, tablas y figuras se ven mejor en el visor de arriba.

PRUEBA DE ACCESO Y ADMISIÓN A LA UNIVERSIDAD ANDALUCÍA, CEUTA, MELILLA y CENTROS en MARRUECOS

LENGUA EXTRANJERA (INGLÉS)

CURSO 2020-2021 CRITERIOS ESPECÍFICOS DE CORRECCIÓN El examen consta de 3 Bloques (A, B y C) En cada bloque (Comprehension, Use of English y Writing) se plantean varias preguntas, de las cuales se deberá responder al número que se indica en cada uno. En caso de responder más cuestiones de las requeridas, serán tenidas en cuenta las respondidas en primer lugar hasta alcanzar dicho número. Las preguntas han de ser respondidas en su totalidad: si la pregunta tiene dos secciones, hay que responder ambas.

BLOQUE A (Comprensión lectora) Puntuación máxima: 4 puntos Debe responderse a las 8 preguntas de uno de los 2 textos propuestos.

I * COMPREHENSION (4 points). CHOOSE TEXT 1 OR TEXT 2 AND ANSWER ALL THE QUESTIONS FROM THAT TEXT ONLY.

TEXT 1: COW HUGGING: A NEW WELLNESS TREND

Embracing cows is more than a cute wellness trend. With immense mental health benefits, the practice has aroused global interest.

From goat yoga to sound baths, the world is full of wellness trends designed to relieve and calm both body and spirit. Named “koe knuffelen” in Dutch (literally “cow hugging”), the practice is centred on the healing properties of a good human-to-animal physical contact. Cow huggers typically start by taking a tour of the farm before resting against one of the cows for two to three hours. The cow’s warmer body temperature, slower heartbeat and giant size can make hugging them an incredibly satisfying experience, and giving the animal a backrub, reclining against them or even getting licked is all part of the therapeutic encounter.

Cow hugging is believed to promote positivity and reduce stress by boosting oxytocin in humans, the hormone released in social bonding. The calming effects of resting with a pet or emotional support animal, it seems, are accentuated when hugging larger mammals.

This healthy pastime emerged in rural Dutch provinces more than a decade ago and is now part of a wider Dutch movement to bring people closer to nature and country life. Today, farms in Rotterdam, Switzerland, and even the USA are offering cow-hugging sessions and promoting their healing properties.

The hugging experience can even be pleasurable for the cattle themselves. A 2007 study in a scientific journal states that cows show traces of deep relaxation, stretching out, and allowing their ears to fall back when massaged in particular areas of their neck and upper back.

It seems that heartfelt bonding with bovines may just be what should be advised by doctors.

CHOOSE AND WRITE THE CORRECT OPTION (A, B, C or D). (0.5 points each)

1. According to the text, cow hugging… (d) (a) has been imported from the USA.

(b) hasn’t been researched by scientists.

(c) makes cows release oxytocin.

(d) has become quite popular.

2. According to the text, a typical cow-hugging session in a farm includes… (b) (a) milking a cow.

(b) visiting the place and then resting with a cow.

(c) giving a massage to a cow and doing yoga.

(d) taking the cow’s temperature.

ARE THESE STATEMENTS TRUE OR FALSE? JUSTIFY YOUR ANSWERS WITH THE PRECISE WORDS OR PHRASES FROM THE TEXT, OR USE YOUR OWN WORDS. (0.5 points each)

3. Cows usually feel less cold than humans. TRUE (lines 4-5) “The cow’s warmer body temperature, (slower heartbeat ...experience.)”

4. The bigger the bovine you embrace, the better the benefits you get. TRUE (line 8) “The calming effects of resting with a pet or emotional support animal, it seems, are accentuated when hugging larger mammals.”

5. Cows also find the experience rewarding. TRUE (line 12) “The hugging experience can even be pleasurable for the cattle themselves.”

6. Cow hugging is a treatment already prescribed by health experts. FALSE (line 14) “It seems that heartfelt bonding with bovines may just be what should be advised by doctors.”

7. FIND IN THE TEXT: (0.5 points)

7.1. ONE OPPOSITE FOR “metropolitan” (adjective). rural (line 9)

7.2. ONE SYNONYM FOR “signal” (noun). trace(s) (line 13)

8. FIND IN THE TEXT: (0.5 points)

8.1. ONE WORD MEANING “an administrative division of a country”. province(s) (line 9)

8.2. ONE WORD MEANING “an activity that is done for enjoyment”. pastime (line 9)

PRUEBA DE ACCESO Y ADMISIÓN A LA UNIVERSIDAD ANDALUCÍA, CEUTA, MELILLA y CENTROS en MARRUECOS

LENGUA EXTRANJERA (INGLÉS)

CURSO 2020-2021

TEXT 2: CULTURAL DIFFERENCES

Consider this situation: Sarah is an American teenager and her family recently moved to Japan, where her father has been transferred for work. Sarah is finding life in the big city of Tokyo rather overwhelming, but she is trying to get settled and make friends. One of her biggest adjustment challenges has been related to school. There are many new rules and rituals, considerably more than she had experienced in the United States. For example, in Japan she must wear a uniform, while in the US she did not. At her Japanese school, they not only wear the same uniform, but also all students of a certain grade level wear the same indoor shoes. Her classmates seem to like wearing identical clothes, but Sarah feels like she has lost a significant portion of her ability to express herself.

Another challenge for Sarah is the fact that, every day after school, all students work together to clean up their classroom and the school hallways. Sarah doesn’t generally mind cleaning, but it is the last thing she wants to do after a long day at school, and she frequently gets frustrated and upset by the additional activity. Finally, the school year began with a one-hour ceremony. While Sarah had gotten bored and tired of standing so long, her classmates seemed to really enjoy the event.

What is going on? Why do people from other cultures behave and think differently? According to Professor Hofstede’s “Cultural Dimensions Theory,” discrepancies in behavior can be explained by cultural differences, taking into account that “national culture cannot be changed, but you should understand and respect it.”

CHOOSE AND WRITE THE CORRECT OPTION (A, B, C or D). (0.5 points each)

9. Sarah thinks that wearing a uniform...

(a) (a) is limiting her personality.

(b) is similar in the US and Japan.

(c) is cool and classy.

(d) is helping her meet new friends at school.

10. The opening school ceremony...

(d) (a) awoke Sarah’s interest.

(b) continued for several hours.

(c) was tiresome for the local students.

(d) was dull and exhausting for Sarah.

ARE THESE STATEMENTS TRUE OR FALSE? JUSTIFY YOUR ANSWERS WITH THE PRECISE WORDS OR PHRASES FROM THE TEXT, OR USE YOUR OWN WORDS. (0.5 points each)

11. Sarah is struggling to get used to her new life in Tokyo. TRUE (line 2) “Sarah is finding life in the big city of Tokyo rather overwhelming, but she is trying to get settled and make friends.”

12. Uniforms were compulsory at Sarah’s previous school. FALSE (line 4) “(For example,) in Japan she must wear a uniform, while in the US she did not.”

13. At her Japanese school, every student clears up their own desk only. FALSE (lines 7-8) “(Another…,) all students work together to clean up their classroom and the school hallways.”

14. After classes, Sarah is not in the mood for tidying up. TRUE (lines 8-9) “Sarah doesn’t generally mind cleaning, but it is the last thing she wants to do after a long day at school, and she frequently gets frustrated and upset by the additional activity.”

15. FIND IN THE TEXT: (0.5 points)

15.1. ONE SYNONYM FOR “adaptation” (noun). adjustment (line 3)

15.2. ONE SYNONYM FOR “part” (noun). portion (line 6)

16. FIND IN THE TEXT: (0.5 points)

16.1. ONE WORD MEANING “a task that is stimulating or difficult to accomplish”. challenge(s) (lines 3, 7)

16.2. ONE WORD MEANING “the way in which one acts; manner of conducting oneself”. behavior (line 12)

PRUEBA DE ACCESO Y ADMISIÓN A LA UNIVERSIDAD

LENGUA EXTRANJERA (INGLÉS)

ANDALUCÍA, CEUTA, MELILLA y CENTROS en MARRUECOS CURSO 2020-2021

BLOQUE B (Uso de la lengua) Puntuación máxima: 3 puntos Debe responder a 6 de las 12 preguntas propuestas.

II * USE OF ENGLISH (3 points; 0.5 points each). CHOOSE AND ANSWER ONLY 6 (SIX) QUESTIONS.

17. FILL IN THE GAPS WITH A CORRECT FORM OF THE VERB IN BRACKETS:

17.1. “By this time tomorrow, I… the doctor’s.” (visit) will have visited

17.2. “The consequences of not... will be catastrophic.” (vote) voting/having voted

18. FILL IN THE GAPS WITH THE CORRECT OPTION:

18.1. “The boy was sad because he had… friends.” none / any / much / few few

18.2. “My sister will arrive... the end of the week.” in / by / on / to by

19. TURN THE FOLLOWING SENTENCE INTO THE ACTIVE VOICE: “An increase in temperature is being caused by human-made climate change.” Human-made climate change is causing an increase in temperature.

20. TURN THE FOLLOWING SENTENCE INTO THE PASSIVE VOICE: “The earthquake is going to hit all places.” All places are going to be hit by the earthquake.

21. GIVE A QUESTION FOR THE UNDERLINED WORDS: “Ann used to go to the gym every two weeks.” How often/frequently did Ann use to go to the gym?

22. JOIN THE FOLLOWING SENTENCES USING A RELATIVE. MAKE CHANGES IF NECESSARY: “The family was given a complimentary suite in a hotel. Their house burnt in a fire last month.” The family(,) whose house burnt in a fire last month(,) was given a complimentary suite in a hotel.

23. REWRITE THE FOLLOWING SENTENCE WITHOUT CHANGING ITS MEANING. BEGIN AS INDICATED: “Despite having some health problems, he won the gold medal.” Although... Although he had (had) some health problems, he won the gold medal.

24. COMPLETE THE FOLLOWING CONDITIONAL SENTENCE: “If I drink too much coffee, ...” Subject + present simple // will/can/could/may/might/be going to + infinitive // imperative

25. REWRITE THE FOLLOWING SENTENCE WITHOUT CHANGING ITS MEANING. BEGIN AS INDICATED: “He retired because he became severely ill.” The reason for... The reason for his retirement/his retiring/him retiring was (the fact) that he became severely ill.

26. THERE ARE TWO MISTAKES IN THIS SENTENCE. FIND THE MISTAKES AND REWRITE THE SENTENCE CORRECTLY: “Jordan maked a big mistake when he entered in the room.” Jordan made a big mistake when he entered the room.

27. TURN THE FOLLOWING SENTENCE INTO DIRECT SPEECH: “Rita wanted to know if I had visited my friends the day before.” Rita asked: “Did you visit your friends yesterday?” // “Did you visit your friends yesterday?,” Rita asked.

28. USE THE WORDS IN THE BOXES TO MAKE A MEANINGFUL SENTENCE. USE ALL AND ONLY THE WORDS IN THE BOXES WITHOUT CHANGING THEIR FORM: Her retirement was due to a serious heart condition.

condition

her

serious

to

retirement

heart

due

was

BLOQUE C (Redacción) Puntuación máxima: 3 puntos Deberá realizar una redacción de aproximadamente 120 palabras de SOLAMENTE 1 de los dos temas propuestos.

III * WRITING (3 points)

29. WRITE A COMPOSITION OF APPROXIMATELY 120 WORDS ABOUT ONE OF THE TOPICS PROPOSED AND FOCUS STRICTLY ON IT. CHOOSE ONE TOPIC ONLY:

29.1. What do you do to relax? Explain.

29.2. Advantages and disadvantages of living in a foreign country. Discuss.