Inglés PAU 2021

Enunciado del examen en texto

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PRUEBA DE ACCESO Y ADMISIÓN A LA UNIVERSIDAD ANDALUCÍA, CEUTA, MELILLA y CENTROS en MARRUECOS

LENGUA EXTRANJERA (INGLÉS)

CURSO 2020-2021 CRITERIOS ESPECÍFICOS DE CORRECCIÓN El examen consta de 3 Bloques (A, B y C) En cada bloque (Comprehension, Use of English y Writing) se plantean varias preguntas, de las cuales se deberá responder al número que se indica en cada uno. En caso de responder más cuestiones de las requeridas, serán tenidas en cuenta las respondidas en primer lugar hasta alcanzar dicho número. Las preguntas han de ser respondidas en su totalidad: si la pregunta tiene dos secciones, hay que responder ambas.

BLOQUE A (Comprensión lectora) Puntuación máxima: 4 puntos Debe responderse a las 8 preguntas de uno de los 2 textos propuestos.

I * COMPREHENSION (4 points). CHOOSE TEXT 1 OR TEXT 2 AND ANSWER ALL THE QUESTIONS FROM THAT TEXT ONLY.

TEXT 1: BOY GENIUS

In a lot of respects, 12-year-old Caleb Anderson is a normal Afro-American kid. But, when he’s not watching Netflix or playing with his action figures, he’s busy living life as a first-year university student. Caleb is currently studying at Chattahoochee Technical College in Georgia, USA, where he’ll graduate with a Degree in Aerospace Engineering in two years. “When I was like one year old, I wanted to go to space,” Caleb said, “I figured that aerospace engineering would be the best path. I’m not really intelligent, I just grasp information quickly. So, if I learn quicker, then I get ahead faster.” His mother, Claire, first realized her son was gifted when he began imitating her speech at just four weeks old. When he was nine months old, Caleb could use more than 250 words in Sign Language. He was just 3 years old when he qualified for MENSA —a nonprofit organization for people who score 98 out of 100 or higher in a standardized intelligence test. It’s essentially a club for exceptionally smart people.

The boy went on to complete high school by the age of 11 and now his parents supervise him on campus. But when it comes to helping with his homework, they cannot do much. “We are not rocket scientists,” his mother explained. Instead, “We have learnt that there are other things that we can teach him, mainly about principles such as compassion, kindness and looking for good in others.” The family hopes that Caleb’s experience will help others without the same opportunities or resources in education, especially those belonging to racial minorities, like Caleb.

CHOOSE AND WRITE THE CORRECT OPTION (A, B, C or D). (0.5 points each)

1. Caleb’s parents… (d) (a) want him to be an engineer.

(b) live on campus.

(c) supervise his homework at university.

(d) provide him with an education in values.

2. MENSA is a non-profit organization only for… (a) (a) gifted people.

(b) talented black students.

(c) parents with children at engineering institutions.

(d) engineering students.

ARE THESE STATEMENTS TRUE OR FALSE? JUSTIFY YOUR ANSWERS WITH THE PRECISE WORDS OR PHRASES FROM THE TEXT, OR USE YOUR OWN WORDS. (0.5 points each)

3. Caleb doesn’t consider himself to be exceptionally smart. TRUE (lines 4-5) “I'm not really intelligent, I just grasp information quickly.

(So, if I learn quicker, then I get ahead faster.)”

4. He could speak a foreign language when he was nine months old. FALSE (lines 6-7) “When he was nine months old, Caleb could use more than 250 words in Sign Language.”

5. Caleb’s parents are also aerospace engineers. FALSE (line 11) ““We are not rocket scientists,” his mother explained.”

6. His parents would like Caleb’s example to be useful to others. TRUE (line 13) “The family hopes that Caleb’s experience will help others without the same opportunities or resources in education, (especially those belonging to racial minorities, like Caleb).”

7. FIND IN THE TEXT: (0.5 points)

7.1. ONE SYNONYM FOR “benevolence” (noun). kindness (line 12)

7.2. ONE SYNONYM FOR “copy” (verb). imitate/imitating (line 6)

8. FIND IN THE TEXT: (0.5 points)

8.1. ONE WORD MEANING “a vehicle that travels into space”. rocket (line 11)

PRUEBA DE ACCESO Y ADMISIÓN A LA UNIVERSIDAD ANDALUCÍA, CEUTA, MELILLA y CENTROS en MARRUECOS

LENGUA EXTRANJERA (INGLÉS)

CURSO 2020-2021

8.2. ONE WORD MEANING “a qualification given to students after they finish their university studies”. degree (line 3) TEXT 2: OMEGA-3

The difference between oily fish and white fish is like that between long distance runners and lazy people, and you may be surprised to learn that the fatty fish are the athletes here. Also known as “pelagic”, from the Greek word for ocean, because they are always on the move, sardines, tuna and their kind spend their entire lives swimming in the direction of the next meal. Such an exhausting existence requires a ready source of fuel, and the energy these fish need is saturated throughout their body tissues in the form of oil, ready to burn.

Studies on the benefits of this oil to human health started in the 70s. Then, Danish researchers studying Inuit populations in the Arctic regions noticed that, despite eating a diet high in saturated fat, there was low incidence of heart disease. They claimed this might be thanks to a fatty acid, omega-3, which is found almost exclusively in oily fish. It wasn’t long before a multibillion-dollar industry producing supplement pills was born.

Fish oil, we now know, is rich in the omega-3 fatty acids. They are a vital part of our cells and also play an important role in the production of hormones that control the thickness of the blood and the movement of artery walls. Fatty acids also regulate inflammation throughout the body. Yet, unlike other kinds of fat, our bodies cannot produce them and must take them from food. Some of these omega-3 acids are found in several vegetable sources such as nuts, seeds and leafy vegetables, while others are present in some animal fats, mainly in fish.

CHOOSE AND WRITE THE CORRECT OPTION (A, B, C or D). (0.5 points each)

9. According to the text, pelagic fish...

(b) (a) are only found in the Greek seas.

(b) are always in search of food.

(c) are white fish whose energy is unlimited.

(d) lack saturated fat.

10. Omega-3 acids...

(c) (a) are produced by the Inuits.

(b) are only present in oily fish.

(c) cannot be generated by the human organism.

(d) cause heart disease.

ARE THESE STATEMENTS TRUE OR FALSE? JUSTIFY YOUR ANSWERS WITH THE PRECISE WORDS OR PHRASES FROM THE TEXT, OR USE YOUR OWN WORDS. (0.5 points each)

11. White fish are regularly more active than oily fish. FALSE (lines 1-2) “The difference between oily fish and white fish is like that between long distance runners and lazy people, and you may be surprised to learn that the fatty fish are the athletes here.”

12. Oily fish use their fat as a source of energy. TRUE (lines 4-5) “(Such…) the energy these fish need is saturated throughout their body tissues in the form of oil, ready to burn.”

13. Inuits were the first to point out the benefits of omega-3 in our diet. FALSE (lines 6-7) “Then, Danish researchers studying Inuit populations in the Arctic regions noticed that, despite eating a diet high in saturated fat, there was low incidence of heart disease.”

14. All vegetables provide omega-3 acids. FALSE (lines 12-13) “Some of these omega-3 acids are found in several vegetable sources such as nuts, seeds and leafy vegetables.”

15. FIND IN THE TEXT: (0.5 points)

15.1. ONE OPPOSITE FOR “energetic” (adjective). lazy (line 1)

15.2. ONE SYNONYM FOR “whole” (adjective). entire (line 3)

16. FIND IN THE TEXT: (0.5 points)

16.1. ONE WORD MEANING “something added to something else to improve it or complete it; something extra”.supplement (line 9)

16.2. ONE WORD MEANING “an occasion when food is served or eaten”. meal (line 3)

PRUEBA DE ACCESO Y ADMISIÓN A LA UNIVERSIDAD ANDALUCÍA, CEUTA, MELILLA y CENTROS en MARRUECOS

LENGUA EXTRANJERA (INGLÉS)

CURSO 2020-2021

BLOQUE B (Uso de la lengua) Puntuación máxima: 3 puntos Debe responder a 6 de las 12 preguntas propuestas.

II * USE OF ENGLISH (3 points; 0.5 points each). CHOOSE AND ANSWER ONLY 6 (SIX) QUESTIONS.

17. FILL IN THE GAPS WITH A CORRECT FORM OF THE VERB IN BRACKETS:

17.1. “Please, ask your brother… you with the washing-up.” (help) to help

17.2. “When she… up, she will be a veterinarian.” (grow) grows

18. FILL IN THE GAPS WITH THE CORRECT OPTION:

18.1. “Global warming is a problem we all need to sort... .” up / with / on / out out

18.2. “… cheese is there in the mouse trap?” How many / How far / How long / How much How much

19. TURN THE FOLLOWING SENTENCE INTO THE ACTIVE VOICE: “In a trade agreement, your word must be kept.” (In a trade agreement,) you must keep your word (in a trade agreement).

20. TURN THE FOLLOWING SENTENCE INTO THE PASSIVE VOICE: “In democracy, all citizens should cast a vote in an election.” In democracy, a vote should be cast in an election by all citizens.

21. GIVE A QUESTION FOR THE UNDERLINED WORDS: “We need to eat protein because it is essential to build bones.” Why do we/you need to eat protein?

22. JOIN THE FOLLOWING SENTENCES USING A RELATIVE. MAKE CHANGES IF NECESSARY: “Cultivating your own vegetables is a healthy option. It is easier than it seems.” Cultivating your own vegetables, which is easier than it seems, is a healthy option. // Cultivating your own vegetables, which is a healthy option, is easier than it seems.

23. REWRITE THE FOLLOWING SENTENCE WITHOUT CHANGING ITS MEANING. BEGIN AS INDICATED: “I will keep my promise if you keep yours.” As long as... As long as you keep your promise, I will keep mine.

24. COMPLETE THE FOLLOWING CONDITIONAL SENTENCE: “If burglars had broken into the shop, ...” Subject + could(n’t)/would(n’t) + have + past participle // Subject + could(n’t)/would(n’t) + infinitive // Subject + would(n’t) + be (+ -ing)

25. REWRITE THE FOLLOWING SENTENCE WITHOUT CHANGING ITS MEANING. BEGIN AS INDICATED: “They have worked in Thailand for two years.” They began... They began working / to work in Thailand two years ago.

26. THERE ARE TWO MISTAKES IN THIS SENTENCE. FIND THE MISTAKES AND REWRITE THE SENTENCE CORRECTLY: “Does she wants to come to the cinema with us the Sunday?” Does she want to come to the cinema with us on Sunday?

27. TURN THE FOLLOWING SENTENCE INTO REPORTED SPEECH: “My brother cooked a very tasty potato omelette yesterday evening,” she said. She said (that) her brother had cooked a very tasty potato omelette the previous evening / the evening before.

28. USE THE WORDS IN THE BOXES TO MAKE A MEANINGFUL SENTENCE. USE ALL AND ONLY THE WORDS IN THE BOXES WITHOUT CHANGING THEIR FORM: How often do children help parents with chores? // How often do parents help children with chores?

often

chores

parents

help

how

children

do

with

BLOQUE C (Redacción) Puntuación máxima: 3 puntos Deberá realizar una redacción de aproximadamente 120 palabras de SOLAMENTE 1 de los dos temas propuestos.

III * WRITING (3 points)

29. WRITE A COMPOSITION OF APPROXIMATELY 120 WORDS ABOUT ONE OF THE TOPICS PROPOSED AND FOCUS STRICTLY ON IT. CHOOSE ONE TOPIC ONLY:

29.1. If you had a superpower, what would it be and what would you do? Explain.

29.2. Are your eating habits healthy? Explain.