Inglés PAU 2019

Enunciado del examen en texto

Texto sacado del PDF oficial. Las fórmulas, tablas y figuras se ven mejor en el visor de arriba.

PRUEBA DE ACCESO Y ADMISIÓN A LA UNIVERSIDAD ANDALUCÍA, CEUTA, MELILLA y CENTROS en MARRUECOS

LENGUA EXTRANJERA (Inglés)

CURSO 2018-2019 Instrucciones:

a) Duración: 1 h.30m. b) No se permite el uso de diccionario. c) La puntuación de las preguntas está indicada en las mismas. d) Los alumnos deberán realizar completa una de las dos opciones A o B, sin poder mezclar las respuestas.

OPTION A: SOLO HOLIDAYS

There is nothing like visiting a part of the world you’ve never seen before, but is the experience quite as exciting if you have no one to share it with? New research has found that, far from being a nightmare, 25% of holidaymakers are actually making plans to go abroad by themselves.

Having nobody to argue with about the itinerary or to fight with for the window seat can be great. 44% of people asked said they actually wanted some ‘me time’. Of those who have travelled alone, 32% reported they had a better experience and 64% said the trip built up their confidence. There is also the question of opportunity — just because your friends don’t have time off work or money to travel, why shouldn’t you? Jane Taylor, 37, said “None of my friends really wanted to travel and I didn’t want to miss out on adventures.

I became hooked.” The increasing use of smartphones and travel apps and the widespread availability of Wi-Fi make solo holidays less frightening.

The logistics of travelling have become easier and people are now able to keep in touch with relatives back home, sharing experiences via social media.

Melanie Jones, 41, believes that solo travelling isn’t just for young backpackers. When travelling to Egypt she said she had chosen going alone because that would allow her to experience everything more intensely. “It was just myself and a guide (who was there to keep me safe). I fully engaged with the environment, the beauty of the country and the people. I was able to absorb it all.” Travel companies are expanding options for solo travellers, a demographic with huge potential for growth.

I * COMPREHENSION (4 points) CHOOSE AND WRITE THE CORRECT OPTION (A, B, C or D). (0.5 points each)

1. Which of these ideas is not mentioned in the text? Travelling alone… (a) is the sad result of loneliness.

(b) is chosen to enjoy time for oneself.

(c) develops people’s self-assurance.

(d) lets you really get in contact with the place.

2. According to the text, Jane Taylor...

(a) didn’t feel like going with her friends.

(b) went on her own because her friends didn’t have money.

(c) now regrets going solo.

(d) had to choose between travelling solo or not going at all.

ARE THESE STATEMENTS TRUE OR FALSE? JUSTIFY YOUR ANSWERS WITH THE PRECISE WORDS OR PHRASES FROM THE TEXT, OR USE YOUR OWN WORDS. (0.5 points each)

3. One of the benefits of travelling solo is being able to choose what you prefer.

4. One disadvantage of solo holidays is that you can’t tell anybody how much fun you’re having.

5. While in Egypt, Melanie Jones made sure she didn’t take any unnecessary risks.

6. People who travel by themselves are becoming a marketing target for travel businesses.

7. FIND IN THE TEXT: (0.5 points)

7.1. ONE SYNONYM FOR “addicted” (adjective).

7.2. ONE OPPOSITE FOR “decline” (noun).

8. FIND IN THE TEXT: (0.5 points)

8.1. ONE WORD MEANING “a very unpleasant or frightening experience or prospect.”

8.2. ONE WORD MEANING “a person who travels or hikes carrying their belongings in a rucksack.” II * USE OF ENGLISH (3 points; 0.5 points each)

9. FILL IN THE GAPS WITH A CORRECT FORM OF THE VERB IN BRACKETS:

9.1. “My brother... to Europe until he went there last year.” (never / be)

9.2. “I wish you... here with me in Bali.” (be)

10. FILL IN THE GAPS WITH THE CORRECT OPTION:

10.1. “The thieves… with all the money and jewellery.” got away / caught up / got along / got over

10.2. “It’s forbidden. … can do it.” Anyone / Nobody / Everybody / Somebody

11. REWRITE THE FOLLOWING SENTENCE WITHOUT CHANGING ITS MEANING. BEGIN AS INDICATED: “Despite waking up early, he was late for his appointment.” Although...

12. GIVE A QUESTION FOR THE UNDERLINED WORDS: “I brought a new armchair for Grandad.”

13. TURN THE FOLLOWING SENTENCE INTO DIRECT SPEECH: “The customs officer asked Jake if his visit would take long.”

14. COMPLETE THE FOLLOWING CONDITIONAL SENTENCE: “If you were brave enough, …” III * WRITING (3 points)

15. WRITE A COMPOSITION OF APPROXIMATELY 120 WORDS ABOUT THE TOPIC PROPOSED AND FOCUS STRICTLY ON IT:

Would you like to go on a trip by yourself? Where? Give reasons.

PRUEBA DE ACCESO Y ADMISIÓN A LA UNIVERSIDAD ANDALUCÍA, CEUTA, MELILLA y CENTROS en MARRUECOS

LENGUA EXTRANJERA (Inglés)

CURSO 2018-2019 Instrucciones:

a) Duración: 1 h.30m. b) No se permite el uso de diccionario. c) La puntuación de las preguntas está indicada en las mismas. d) Los alumnos deberán realizar completa una de las dos opciones A o B, sin poder mezclar las respuestas.

OPTION B: IS YOUR CHILD LYING TO YOU? THAT’S GOOD

Classic morality tales like “The Boy Who Cried Wolf” and “Pinocchio” focus on the dangers of dishonesty, and children who lie a lot are thought to have problems later in life. But research suggests that lying may actually be a sign of intelligence.

In one experiment, children were asked not to look at a toy hidden behind them while the researcher left the room. Minutes later, the researcher returned and asked the children if they had taken a look at it. Two major findings were revealed by this experiment. The first is that a vast majority of children would look at the toy within seconds of being left alone. The other is that a significant number of them lied about it, regardless of their gender, race or family’s religion.

Children are remarkably good at lying, and according to some experiments adults find it hard to detect their lies — even their own children’s. It has also been found that children who start lying earlier have a higher IQ (Intelligence Quotient). Parents find this paradoxical. We want our children to be clever enough to lie, but to be morally disinclined to do so. So what should parents do? In general, carrots work better than sticks. Severe punishments do little to prevent lying; applauding honesty is more effective. While morality tales, such as “Pinocchio”, fail to discourage them from lying, stories in which truthfulness is rewarded do reduce lying. The key to promoting honest behavior is positive messaging—emphasizing the benefits of honesty rather than the disadvantages of lying.

I * COMPREHENSION (4 points) CHOOSE AND WRITE THE CORRECT OPTION (A, B, C or D). (0.5 points each)

1. According to the text, childhood morality tales… (a) are helpful to teach parents not to lie.

(b) don’t make children more honest.

(c) increase children’s IQ.

(d) must be used to set an example.

2. According to research, positive messaging… (a) works better than punishment.

(b) is not understood by children.

(c) means giving carrots and sweet things.

(d) focuses on the advantages of lying.

ARE THESE STATEMENTS TRUE OR FALSE? JUSTIFY YOUR ANSWERS WITH THE PRECISE WORDS OR PHRASES FROM THE TEXT, OR USE YOUR OWN WORDS. (0.5 points each)

3. The experiment revealed that kids’ tendency to lie depends on factors such as ethnic and religious background.

4. It is easy for parents to find out when their children are lying.

5. The earlier children start to lie, the more clever they are.

6. Parents don’t want their kids to be liars even though it is a sign of intelligence.

7. FIND IN THE TEXT: (0.5 points)

7.1. ONE SYNONYM FOR “avoid” (verb).

7.2. ONE SYNONYM FOR “huge” (adjective).

8. FIND IN THE TEXT: (0.5 points)

8.1. ONE WORD MEANING “the results of an investigation — usually used in plural.”

8.2. ONE WORD MEANING “involving two facts or qualities which seem to contradict each other.” II * USE OF ENGLISH (3 points; 0.5 points each)

9. FILL IN THE GAPS WITH A CORRECT FORM OF THE VERB IN BRACKETS:

9.1. “It’s time you… to study.” (start)

9.2. “I’d rather… to music than dance.” (listen)

10. FILL IN THE GAPS WITH THE CORRECT OPTION:

10.1. “She called… the meeting because she was sick.” over / onto / under / off

10.2. “Yesterday I came… an old photo of Annette.” up / out / across / back

11. COMPLETE THE FOLLOWING CONDITIONAL SENTENCE: “As long as you have enough money,…”

12. THERE ARE TWO MISTAKES IN THIS SENTENCE. FIND THE MISTAKES AND REWRITE THE SENTENCE CORRECTLY: “Everybody know where is The Big Ben.”

13. TURN THE FOLLOWING SENTENCE INTO THE PASSIVE VOICE: “They claim that the Third Industrial Revolution started a few years ago.”

14. REWRITE THE FOLLOWING SENTENCE WITHOUT CHANGING ITS MEANING. BEGIN AS INDICATED: “It was such an amazing story that I couldn’t believe it.” The story...

III * WRITING (3 points)

15. WRITE A COMPOSITION OF APPROXIMATELY 120 WORDS ABOUT THE TOPIC PROPOSED AND FOCUS STRICTLY ON IT:

Write about something incredible that has happened to you or that you have heard about.

Soluciones y criterios de corrección en texto

PRUEBA DE ACCESO Y ADMISIÓN A LA UNIVERSIDAD ANDALUCÍA, CEUTA, MELILLA y CENTROS en MARRUECOS

LENGUA EXTRANJERA (Inglés)

CURSO 2018-2019 OPTION A: SOLO HOLIDAYS KEY

There is nothing like visiting a part of the world you’ve never seen before, but is the experience quite as exciting if you have no one to share it with? New research has found that, far from being a nightmare, 25% of holidaymakers are actually making plans to go abroad by themselves.

Having nobody to argue with about the itinerary or to fight with for the window seat can be great. 44% of people asked said they actually wanted some ‘me time’. Of those who have travelled alone, 32% reported they had a better experience and 64% said the trip built up their confidence. There is also the question of opportunity — just because your friends don’t have time off work or money to travel, why shouldn’t you? Jane Taylor, 37, said “None of my friends really wanted to travel and I didn’t want to miss out on adventures.

I became hooked.” The increasing use of smartphones and travel apps and the widespread availability of Wi-Fi make solo holidays less frightening.

The logistics of travelling have become easier and people are now able to keep in touch with relatives back home, sharing experiences via social media.

Melanie Jones, 41, believes that solo travelling isn’t just for young backpackers. When travelling to Egypt she said she had chosen going alone because that would allow her to experience everything more intensely. “It was just myself and a guide (who was there to keep me safe). I fully engaged with the environment, the beauty of the country and the people. I was able to absorb it all.” Travel companies are expanding options for solo travellers, a demographic with huge potential for growth.

I * COMPREHENSION (4 points) CHOOSE AND WRITE THE CORRECT OPTION (A, B, C or D). (0.5 points each)

1. Which of these ideas is not mentioned in the text? Travelling alone… (a) (a) is the sad result of loneliness.

(b) is chosen to enjoy time for oneself.

(c) develops people’s self-assurance.

(d) lets you really get in contact with the place.

2. According to the text, Jane Taylor... (d) (a) didn’t feel like going with her friends.

(b) went on her own because her friends didn’t have money.

(c) now regrets going solo.

(d) had to choose between travelling solo or not going at all.

ARE THESE STATEMENTS TRUE OR FALSE? JUSTIFY YOUR ANSWERS WITH THE PRECISE WORDS OR PHRASES FROM THE TEXT, OR USE YOUR OWN WORDS. (0.5 points each)

3. One of the benefits of travelling solo is being able to choose what you prefer. TRUE (lines 4-5) “Having nobody to argue with about the itinerary or to fight with for the window seat can be great. // 44% of people asked said they actually wanted some ‘me time’.”

4. One disadvantage of solo holidays is that you can’t tell anybody how much fun you’re having. FALSE (lines 10-11) “… people are now able to keep in touch with relatives back home, sharing experiences via social media.”

5. While in Egypt, Melanie Jones made sure she didn’t take any unnecessary risks. TRUE (lines 13-14) “It was just myself and a guide who was there to keep me safe.”

6. People who travel by themselves are becoming a marketing target for travel businesses. TRUE (line 15) “Travel companies are expanding options for solo travellers, a demographic with huge potential for growth.”

7. FIND IN THE TEXT: (0.5 points)

7.1. ONE SYNONYM FOR “addicted” (adjective). hooked (line 8)

7.2. ONE OPPOSITE FOR “decline” (noun). growth (line 15)

8. FIND IN THE TEXT: (0.5 points)

8.1. ONE WORD MEANING “a very unpleasant or frightening experience or prospect.” nightmare (line 2)

8.2. ONE WORD MEANING “a person who travels or hikes carrying their belongings in a rucksack.” backpacker(s) (line 12) II * USE OF ENGLISH (3 points; 0.5 points each)

9. FILL IN THE GAPS WITH A CORRECT FORM OF THE VERB IN BRACKETS:

9.1. “My brother... to Europe until he went there last year.” (never / be) had never been

9.2. “I wish you... here with me in Bali.” (be) were / could be

10. FILL IN THE GAPS WITH THE CORRECT OPTION:

10.1. “The thieves… with all the money and jewellery.” got away / caught up / got along / got over got away

10.2. “It’s forbidden. … can do it.” Anyone / Nobody / Everybody / Somebody Nobody

11. REWRITE THE FOLLOWING SENTENCE WITHOUT CHANGING ITS MEANING. BEGIN AS INDICATED: “Despite waking up early, he was late for his appointment.” Although... he woke up early, he was late for his appointment.

12. GIVE A QUESTION FOR THE UNDERLINED WORDS: “I brought a new armchair for Grandad.” What did you bring for Grandad?

13. TURN THE FOLLOWING SENTENCE INTO DIRECT SPEECH: “The customs officer asked Jake if his visit would take long.” The customs officer asked Jake, “Will your visit take long?”

14. COMPLETE THE FOLLOWING CONDITIONAL SENTENCE: “If you were brave enough, …” Subject + could / would / might + infinitive III * WRITING (3 points)

15. WRITE A COMPOSITION OF APPROXIMATELY 120 WORDS ABOUT THE TOPIC PROPOSED AND FOCUS STRICTLY ON IT:

Would you like to go on a trip by yourself? Where? Give reasons.

PRUEBA DE ACCESO Y ADMISIÓN A LA UNIVERSIDAD ANDALUCÍA, CEUTA, MELILLA y CENTROS en MARRUECOS

LENGUA EXTRANJERA (Inglés)

CURSO 2018-2019 OPTION B: IS YOUR CHILD LYING TO YOU? THAT’S GOOD

KEY

Classic morality tales like “The Boy Who Cried Wolf” and “Pinocchio” focus on the dangers of dishonesty, and children who lie a lot are thought to have problems later in life. But research suggests that lying may actually be a sign of intelligence.

In one experiment, children were asked not to look at a toy hidden behind them while the researcher left the room. Minutes later, the researcher returned and asked the children if they had taken a look at it. Two major findings were revealed by this experiment. The first is that a vast majority of children would look at the toy within seconds of being left alone. The other is that a significant number of them lied about it, regardless of their gender, race or family’s religion.

Children are remarkably good at lying, and according to some experiments adults find it hard to detect their lies — even their own children’s. It has also been found that children who start lying earlier have a higher IQ (Intelligence Quotient). Parents find this paradoxical. We want our children to be clever enough to lie, but to be morally disinclined to do so. So what should parents do? In general, carrots work better than sticks. Severe punishments do little to prevent lying; applauding honesty is more effective. While morality tales, such as “Pinocchio”, fail to discourage them from lying, stories in which truthfulness is rewarded do reduce lying. The key to promoting honest behavior is positive messaging—emphasizing the benefits of honesty rather than the disadvantages of lying.

I * COMPREHENSION (4 points) CHOOSE AND WRITE THE CORRECT OPTION (A, B, C or D). (0.5 points each)

1. According to the text, childhood morality tales… (b) (a) are helpful to teach parents not to lie.

(b) don’t make children more honest.

(c) increase children’s IQ.

(d) must be used to set an example.

2. According to research, positive messaging… (a) (a) works better than punishment.

(b) is not understood by children.

(c) means giving carrots and sweet things.

(d) focuses on the advantages of lying.

ARE THESE STATEMENTS TRUE OR FALSE? JUSTIFY YOUR ANSWERS WITH THE PRECISE WORDS OR PHRASES FROM THE TEXT, OR USE YOUR OWN WORDS. (0.5 points each)

3. The experiment revealed that kids’ tendency to lie depends on factors such as ethnic and religious background. FALSE (lines 5-6) “… a significant number of them lied about it, regardless of their gender, race or family’s religion.”

4. It is easy for parents to find out when their children are lying. FALSE (line 7) “… adults find it hard to detect their lie ...”

5. The earlier children start to lie, the more clever they are. TRUE (line 8) “It has also been found that children who start lying earlier have a higher IQ (Intelligence Quotient).”

6. Parents don’t want their kids to be liars even though it is a sign of intelligence. TRUE (line 9) “We want our children to be clever enough to lie, but to be morally disinclined to do so.”

7. FIND IN THE TEXT: (0.5 points)

7.1. ONE SYNONYM FOR “avoid” (verb). prevent (line 10)

7.2. ONE SYNONYM FOR “huge” (adjective). vast (line 5)

8. FIND IN THE TEXT: (0.5 points)

8.1. ONE WORD MEANING “the results of an investigation — usually used in plural.” findings (line 4)

8.2. ONE WORD MEANING “involving two facts or qualities which seem to contradict each other.” paradoxical (line 9) II * USE OF ENGLISH (3 points; 0.5 points each)

9. FILL IN THE GAPS WITH A CORRECT FORM OF THE VERB IN BRACKETS:

9.1. “It’s time you… to study.” (start) started

9.2. “I’d rather… to music than dance.” (listen) listen

10. FILL IN THE GAPS WITH THE CORRECT OPTION:

10.1. “She called… the meeting because she was sick.” over / onto / under / off off

10.2. “Yesterday I came… an old photo of Annette.” up / out / across / back across

11. COMPLETE THE FOLLOWING CONDITIONAL SENTENCE: “As long as you have enough money,…” subject + will / can / may… // imperative

12. THERE ARE TWO MISTAKES IN THIS SENTENCE. FIND THE MISTAKES AND REWRITE THE SENTENCE CORRECTLY: “Everybody know where is The Big Ben.” Everybody knows where The Big Ben is.

13. TURN THE FOLLOWING SENTENCE INTO THE PASSIVE VOICE: “They claim that the Third Industrial Revolution started a few years ago.” The Third Industrial Revolution is claimed to have started a few years ago. // It is claimed (that) the Third Industrial Revolution started a few years ago.

14. REWRITE THE FOLLOWING SENTENCE WITHOUT CHANGING ITS MEANING. BEGIN AS INDICATED: “It was such an amazing story that I couldn’t believe it.” The story... was so amazing that I couldn´t believe it.

III * WRITING (3 points)

15. WRITE A COMPOSITION OF APPROXIMATELY 120 WORDS ABOUT THE TOPIC PROPOSED AND FOCUS STRICTLY ON IT:

Write about something incredible that has happened to you or that you have heard about.