Inglés PAU 2019

Enunciado del examen en texto

Texto sacado del PDF oficial. Las fórmulas, tablas y figuras se ven mejor en el visor de arriba.

PRUEBA DE ACCESO Y ADMISIÓN A LA UNIVERSIDAD ANDALUCÍA, CEUTA, MELILLA y CENTROS en MARRUECOS

LENGUA EXTRANJERA (Inglés)

CURSO 2018-2019 Instrucciones:

a) Duración: 1 h.30m. b) No se permite el uso de diccionario. c) La puntuación de las preguntas está indicada en las mismas. d) Los alumnos deberán realizar completa una de las dos opciones A o B, sin poder mezclar las respuestas.

OPTION A: THE SPANISH LEGIÓN PUT ON DIET OVER OBESITY FEARS

The Spanish army has put soldiers in one of its most famous units on a diet because of fears that some are becoming obese.

Members of La Legión, nicknamed “the Bridegrooms of Death”, are known for their toughness, distinctive green uniforms and rapid marching pace. Recognisable by their open-necked shirts, the legionnaires found themselves attracting global attention last year after a Twitter user posted a picture of fatty soldiers with a sarcastic comment about their bellies and unbuttoned shirts.

Concerns have emerged over the legionnaires’ figures and fitness levels, forcing the army to act. La Legión has elaborated an internal report, published by El País, which states that they require a series of measures to reduce excess weight among their personnel. The document has noted that factors including a lack of fitness facilities and a higher average age are contributing to the problem.

More than 3,000 troops have undergone checks to determine their body mass index (BMI). The results showed that 180 (6%) had a BMI of 30 or above, which makes them obese. They received medical examinations as well as nutritional advice and exercise plans to help them lose between 500g and 1kg a week. Although La Legión recognises that without the necessary action “we will be condemned to loss of prestige as a combat unit”, it admits that being overweight “can be due to cultural, pathological or even psychological factors that need to be properly considered.” An army spokesman said the initiative, which began last September, was designed to improve legionnaires’ wellbeing. “The reaction has been very positive and the initial results are good”, he said.

I * COMPREHENSION (4 points) CHOOSE AND WRITE THE CORRECT OPTION (A, B, C or D). (0.5 points each)

1. According to the text, the legionnaires have become the focus of attention for… (a) posting pictures on Twitter.

(b) a picture posted on Twitter.

(c) their sensitiveness.

(d) their good shape.

2. The document treating obesity factors in the legionnaires was… (a) posted by a Twitter user.

(b) written by El País.

(c) tweeted by El País.

(d) written by the military.

ARE THESE STATEMENTS TRUE OR FALSE? JUSTIFY YOUR ANSWERS WITH THE PRECISE WORDS OR PHRASES FROM THE TEXT, OR USE YOUR OWN WORDS. (0.5 points each)

3. Older legionnaires are more likely to be obese according to the report.

4. More than 3,000 troops have been found to be overweight in La Legión.

5. La Legión doesn’t really care about its soldiers’ appearance as long as they keep a high level of performance.

6. The actions taken so far have been well received by the troops.

7. FIND IN THE TEXT: (0.5 points)

7.1. ONE OPPOSITE FOR “excess” (noun).

7.2. ONE OPPOSITE FOR “worsen” (verb).

8. FIND IN THE TEXT: (0.5 points)

8.1. ONE WORD MEANING “a person who speaks on behalf of others.”

8.2. ONE WORD MEANING “good reputation, honour.” II * USE OF ENGLISH (3 points; 0.5 points each)

9. FILL IN THE GAPS WITH A CORRECT FORM OF THE VERB IN BRACKETS:

9.1. “She made me… the same thing over and over.” (do)

9.2. “He never knows when… talking.” (stop)

10. FILL IN THE GAPS WITH THE CORRECT OPTION:

10.1. “La Legión’s pet goat plays a part… the Annual March.” to / for / in / from

10.2. “They are not fond… summer camps.” of / about / for / to

11. JOIN THE FOLLOWING SENTENCES USING A RELATIVE. MAKE CHANGES IF NECESSARY: “The infantry was marching past the cheering crowd. Their uniforms looked nicer this year.”

12.GIVE A QUESTION FOR THE UNDERLINED WORDS: “They received nutritional advice to lose weight.”

13. TURN THE FOLLOWING SENTENCE INTO THE PASSIVE VOICE: “Doctors advise weak patients to gain weight gradually.”

14. COMPLETE THE FOLLOWING CONDITIONAL SENTENCE: “Unless you change your eating habits,…” III * WRITING (3 points)

15. WRITE A COMPOSITION OF APPROXIMATELY 120 WORDS ABOUT THE TOPIC PROPOSED AND FOCUS STRICTLY ON IT:

Advantages and disadvantages of following a diet.

PRUEBA DE ACCESO Y ADMISIÓN A LA UNIVERSIDAD ANDALUCÍA, CEUTA, MELILLA y CENTROS en MARRUECOS

LENGUA EXTRANJERA (Inglés)

CURSO 2018-2019 Instrucciones:

a) Duración: 1 h.30m. b) No se permite el uso de diccionario. c) La puntuación de las preguntas está indicada en las mismas. d) Los alumnos deberán realizar completa una de las dos opciones A o B, sin poder mezclar las respuestas.

OPTION B: NETFLIX ADDICTION IS REAL

The World Health Organization (WHO) recently classified obsessive video-gaming as an addiction. I believe it won’t be long until “gaming disorder” is joined in the WHO’s International Classification of Diseases by another modern, screen-based illness: “Netflix disorder”.

I watch a lot of Netflix and I am starting to worry that it has become an emotional aid. If I am feeling stressed or depressed, I selfmedicate by staying up late, watching show after show. It makes me forget about everything else, which is welcome, considering the state of the world. And just when I remember what I should be focusing on, another episode starts automatically and I disconnect again.

Entertainment has always been about escapism. What is new, however, is the degree to which Netflix, like all the big tech platforms, is engineered to be addictive. Netflix has turned unhealthy behaviour into an accepted part of modern culture. It does not even try to hide the fact that its ambition is to hook us all. Reed Hastings, Netflix’s co-founder, has admitted its biggest competitor is sleep. “When you watch a Netflix show and you get addicted to it, you stay up late at night”, he said.

I am not the only one with a Netflix problem. Netflix has become the opium of the masses. Indeed, it is beginning to feel as though we are living in a real-world version of David Wallace’s famous book, Infinite Jest, where there’s a film so entertaining that its viewers lose interest in anything other than viewing it, and eventually die. We are also entertaining ourselves to death. Actually, I never finished reading Infinite Jest. But I am sure it will be on Netflix soon.

I * COMPREHENSION (4 points) CHOOSE AND WRITE THE CORRECT OPTION (A, B, C or D). (0.5 points each)

1. The author watches Netflix because...

(a) he/she is ill and confined to bed.

(b) it helps him/her to stay away from his / her problems.

(c) he/she can´t get any sleep at night.

(d) it offers a kind of entertainment that is cheap and easy.

2. According to the writer, addiction to Netflix is… (a) an isolated fact.

(b) helpful for sleeping longer.

(c) an imaginary problem.

(d) a collective problem.

ARE THESE STATEMENTS TRUE OR FALSE? JUSTIFY YOUR ANSWERS WITH THE PRECISE WORDS OR PHRASES FROM THE TEXT, OR USE YOUR OWN WORDS. (0.5 points each)

3. Netflix addiction has already been considered a mental disease.

4. Netflix is the only application which may turn you into a compulsive user.

5. Reed Hastings admitted that helping people sleep is their final aim.

6. As in the book Infinite Jest, the amusement provided by Netflix can be dangerous.

7. FIND IN THE TEXT: (0.5 points)

7.1. ONE SYNONYM FOR “help” (noun).

7.2. ONE SYNONYM FOR “confess” (verb).

8. FIND IN THE TEXT: (0.5 points)

8.1. ONE WORD MEANING “the way somebody or something acts or functions in particular situations.”

8.2. ONE WORD MEANING “to put out of sight, or to keep secret.” II * USE OF ENGLISH (3 points; 0.5 points each)

9. FILL IN THE GAPS WITH A CORRECT FORM OF THE VERB IN BRACKETS:

9.1. “My parents won’t allow me… Netflix.” (watch)

9.2. “By the time they arrived, the film… yet.” (not begin)

10. FILL IN THE GAPS WITH THE CORRECT OPTION:

10.1. “What time does the plane take…?” over / on / off / up

10.2. “She is getting… her flu really quickly.” of / along / over / from

11. REWRITE THE FOLLOWING SENTENCE WITHOUT CHANGING ITS MEANING. BEGIN AS INDICATED: “I was so bored that I decided to go to the cinema with my friends.” If I…

12. GIVE A QUESTION FOR THE UNDERLINED WORDS: “I self-medicate by staying up late.”

13. TURN THE FOLLOWING SENTENCE INTO THE PASSIVE VOICE: “Netflix has turned unhealthy behaviour into a part of modern culture.”

14. TURN THE FOLLOWING SENTENCE INTO REPORTED SPEECH: “Gloria said to us, ‘Let’s go for a walk.’” III * WRITING (3 points)

15. WRITE A COMPOSITION OF APPROXIMATELY 120 WORDS ABOUT THE TOPIC PROPOSED AND FOCUS STRICTLY ON IT:

Do you enjoy watching TV series? Explain.

Soluciones y criterios de corrección en texto

PRUEBA DE ACCESO Y ADMISIÓN A LA UNIVERSIDAD ANDALUCÍA, CEUTA, MELILLA y CENTROS en MARRUECOS

LENGUA EXTRANJERA (Inglés) FASE DE ADMISIÓN

CURSO 2018-2019 OPTION A: THE SPANISH LEGIÓN PUT ON DIET OVER OBESITY FEARS KEY

The Spanish army has put soldiers in one of its most famous units on a diet because of fears that some are becoming obese.

Members of La Legión, nicknamed “the Bridegrooms of Death”, are known for their toughness, distinctive green uniforms and rapid marching pace. Recognisable by their open-necked shirts, the legionnaires found themselves attracting global attention last year after a Twitter user posted a picture of fatty soldiers with a sarcastic comment about their bellies and unbuttoned shirts.

Concerns have emerged over the legionnaires’ figures and fitness levels, forcing the army to act. La Legión has elaborated an internal report, published by El País, which states that they require a series of measures to reduce excess weight among their personnel. The document has noted that factors including a lack of fitness facilities and a higher average age are contributing to the problem.

More than 3,000 troops have undergone checks to determine their body mass index (BMI). The results showed that 180 (6%) had a BMI of 30 or above, which makes them obese. They received medical examinations as well as nutritional advice and exercise plans to help them lose between 500g and 1kg a week. Although La Legión recognises that without the necessary action “we will be condemned to loss of prestige as a combat unit”, it admits that being overweight “can be due to cultural, pathological or even psychological factors that need to be properly considered”.

An army spokesman said the initiative, which began last September, was designed to improve legionnaires’ wellbeing. “The reaction has been very positive and the initial results are good”, he said.

I * COMPREHENSION (4 points) CHOOSE AND WRITE THE CORRECT OPTION (A, B, C or D). (0.5 points each)

1. According to the text, the legionnaires have become the focus of attention for… (b) (a) posting pictures on Twitter.

(b) a picture posted on Twitter.

(c) their sensitiveness.

(d) their good shape.

2. The document treating obesity factors in the legionnaires was… (d) (a) posted by a Twitter user.

(b) written by El País.

(c) tweeted by El País.

(d) written by the military.

ARE THESE STATEMENTS TRUE OR FALSE? JUSTIFY YOUR ANSWERS WITH THE PRECISE WORDS OR PHRASES FROM THE TEXT, OR USE YOUR OWN WORDS. (0.5 points each)

3. Older legionnaires are more likely to be obese according to the report. TRUE (lines 7-8) “The document has noted that factors including a lack of fitness facilities and a higher average age are contributing to the problem.”

4. More than 3,000 troops have been found to be overweight in La Legión. FALSE (lines 9-10) “More than 3,000 troops have undergone checks to determine their body mass index (BMI).” // “The results showed that 180 (6%) had a BMI of 30 or above, which makes them obese.”

5. La Legión doesn’t really care about its soldiers’ appearance as long as they keep a high level of performance. FALSE (lines 11-12) “(Although) La Legión recognises that without the necessary action ‘we will be condemned to loss of prestige as a combat unit’…”

6. The actions taken so far have been well received by the troops. TRUE (lines 14-15) “The reaction has been very positive and the initial results are good.”

7. FIND IN THE TEXT: (0.5 points)

7.1. ONE OPPOSITE FOR “excess” (noun). lack (line 7)

7.2. ONE OPPOSITE FOR “worsen” (verb). improve (line 14)

8. FIND IN THE TEXT: (0.5 points)

8.1. ONE WORD MEANING “a person who speaks on behalf of others.” spokesman (line 14)

8.2. ONE WORD MEANING “good reputation, honour.” prestige (line 12) II * USE OF ENGLISH (3 points; 0.5 points each)

9. FILL IN THE GAPS WITH A CORRECT FORM OF THE VERB IN BRACKETS:

9.1. “She made me… the same thing over and over.” (do) do

9.2. “He never knows when… talking.” (stop) to stop

10. FILL IN THE GAPS WITH THE CORRECT OPTION:

10.1. “La Legión’s pet goat plays a part… the Annual March.” to / for / in / from in

10.2. “They are not fond… summer camps.” of / about / for / to of

11. JOIN THE FOLLOWING SENTENCES USING A RELATIVE. MAKE CHANGES IF NECESSARY: “The infantry was marching past the cheering crowd. Their uniforms looked nicer this year.” The infantry, whose uniforms looked nicer this year, was marching past the cheering crowd.

12. GIVE A QUESTION FOR THE UNDERLINED WORDS: “They received nutritional advice to lose weight.” What did they receive nutritional advice for? / Why did they receive nutritional advice?

13. TURN THE FOLLOWING SENTENCE INTO THE PASSIVE VOICE: “Doctors advise weak patients to gain weight gradually.” Weak patients are advised to gain weight gradually (by doctors).

14. COMPLETE THE FOLLOWING CONDITIONAL SENTENCE: “Unless you change your eating habits,…” Subject + will / may… III * WRITING (3 points)

15. WRITE A COMPOSITION OF APPROXIMATELY 120 WORDS ABOUT THE TOPIC PROPOSED AND FOCUS STRICTLY ON IT:

Advantages and disadvantages of following a diet.

PRUEBA DE ACCESO Y ADMISIÓN A LA UNIVERSIDAD ANDALUCÍA, CEUTA, MELILLA y CENTROS en MARRUECOS

LENGUA EXTRANJERA (Inglés) FASE DE ADMISIÓN

CURSO 2018-2019

OPTION B: NETFLIX ADDICTION IS REAL KEY The World Health Organization (WHO) recently classified obsessive video-gaming as an addiction. I believe it won’t be long until “gaming disorder” is joined in the WHO’s International Classification of Diseases by another modern, screen-based illness: “Netflix disorder”.

I watch a lot of Netflix and I am starting to worry that it has become an emotional aid. If I am feeling stressed or depressed, I selfmedicate by staying up late, watching show after show. It makes me forget about everything else, which is welcome, considering the state of the world. And just when I remember what I should be focusing on, another episode starts automatically and I disconnect again.

Entertainment has always been about escapism. What is new, however, is the degree to which Netflix, like all the big tech platforms, is engineered to be addictive. Netflix has turned unhealthy behaviour into an accepted part of modern culture. It does not even try to hide the fact that its ambition is to hook us all. Reed Hastings, Netflix’s co-founder, has admitted its biggest competitor is sleep. “When you watch a Netflix show and you get addicted to it, you stay up late at night”, he said.

I am not the only one with a Netflix problem. Netflix has become the opium of the masses. Indeed, it is beginning to feel as though we are living in a real-world version of David Wallace’s famous book, Infinite Jest, where there’s a film so entertaining that its viewers lose interest in anything other than viewing it, and eventually die. We are also entertaining ourselves to death. Actually, I never finished reading Infinite Jest. But I am sure it will be on Netflix soon.

I * COMPREHENSION (4 points) CHOOSE AND WRITE THE CORRECT OPTION (A, B, C or D). (0.5 points each)

1. The author watches Netflix because...

(b) (a) he / she is ill and confined to bed.

(b) it helps him/her to stay away from his/her problems.

(c) he / she can´t get any sleep at night.

(d) it offers a kind of entertainment that is cheap and easy.

2. According to the writer, addiction to Netflix is… (d) (a) an isolated fact.

(b) helpful for sleeping longer.

(c) an imaginary problem.

(d) a collective problem.

ARE THESE STATEMENTS TRUE OR FALSE? JUSTIFY YOUR ANSWERS WITH THE PRECISE WORDS OR PHRASES FROM THE TEXT, OR USE YOUR OWN WORDS. (0.5 points each)

3. Netflix addiction has already been considered a mental disease. FALSE (lines 1-3) “I believe it will not be long until “gaming disorder” is joined in the WHO’s International Classification of Diseases by another modern, screen-based illness: “Netflix disorder.”

4. Netflix is the only application which may turn you into a compulsive user. FALSE (lines 8-9) “… Netflix, like all the big tech platforms, is engineered to be addictive.”

5. Reed Hastings admitted that helping people sleep is their final aim. FALSE (line 10) “Reed Hastings, Netflix’s co-founder, has admitted its biggest competitor is sleep.” “When you watch a Netflix show and you get addicted to it, you stay up late at night,” he said. (lines 10-11)

6. As in the book Infinite Jest, the amusement provided by Netflix can be dangerous. TRUE (line 13-15) “… Infinite Jest, where there’s a film so entertaining that its viewers lose interest in anything other than viewing it, and eventually die. We are also entertaining ourselves to death.”

7. FIND IN THE TEXT: (0.5 points)

7.1. ONE SYNONYM FOR “help” (noun). aid (line 4)

7.2. ONE SYNONYM FOR “confess” (verb). admit(ted) (line 10)

8. FIND IN THE TEXT: (0.5 points)

8.1. ONE WORD MEANING “the way somebody or something acts or functions in particular situations.” behaviour (line 9)

8.2. ONE WORD MEANING “to put out of sight, or to keep secret.” hide (line 10) II * USE OF ENGLISH (3 points; 0.5 points each)

9. FILL IN THE GAPS WITH A CORRECT FORM OF THE VERB IN BRACKETS:

9.1. “My parents won’t allow me… Netflix.” (watch) to watch

9.2. “By the time they arrived, the film… yet.” (not begin) hadn’t begun.

10. FILL IN THE GAPS WITH THE CORRECT OPTION:

10.1. “What time does the plane take…?” over / on / off / up off

10.2. “She is getting… her flu really quickly.” of / along / over / from over

11. REWRITE THE FOLLOWING SENTENCE WITHOUT CHANGING ITS MEANING. BEGIN AS INDICATED: “I was so bored that I decided to go to the cinema with my friends.” If I… If I hadn´t been so bored, I wouldn´t have gone/ wouldn´t have decided to go to the cinema with my friends.

12. GIVE A QUESTION FOR THE UNDERLINED WORDS: “I self-medicate by staying up late.” How do you self-medicate?

13. TURN THE FOLLOWING SENTENCE INTO THE PASSIVE VOICE: “Netflix has turned unhealthy behaviour into a part of modern culture.” Unhealthy behaviour has been turned into a part of modern culture by Netflix.

14. TURN THE FOLLOWING SENTENCE INTO REPORTED SPEECH: “Gloria said to us, ‘Let’s go for a walk.’” Gloria suggested going for a walk. // Gloria suggested that we / they should go for a walk.

III * WRITING (3 points)

15. WRITE A COMPOSITION OF APPROXIMATELY 120 WORDS ABOUT THE TOPIC PROPOSED AND FOCUS STRICTLY ON IT:

Do you enjoy watching TV series? Explain.