Inglés PAU 2020

Enunciado del examen en texto

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UNIVERSIDADES PÚBLICAS DE LA COMUNIDAD DE MADRID EVALUACIÓN PARA EL ACCESO A LAS ENSEÑANZAS UNIVERSITARIAS OFICIALES DE GRADO Curso 2019-2020 MATERIA: INGLÉS

INSTRUCCIONES GENERALES Y VALORACIÓN Después de leer atentamente el examen, responda de la siguiente la siguiente forma:

• elija un texto A o B y conteste EN INGLÉS a las preguntas 1, 2, 3 y 4 del texto elegido.

• responda EN INGLÉS una pregunta a elegir entre las preguntas A.5 o B.5.

TIEMPO Y CALIFICACIÓN: 90 minutos. Las preguntas 1ª, 2ª y 4ª se calificarán sobre 2 puntos cada una, la pregunta 3ª sobre 1 punto, la pregunta 5ª sobre 3 puntos.

TEXTO A Emojis and Food Allergies Someday soon an emoji might literally save lives. Hiroyuki Komatsu, a Google engineer, submitted a proposal to add a range of new icons to the standard emoji library that could help those with food allergies understand what they are eating anywhere in the world. “Emoji should cover characters representing major food allergens,” Komatsu wrote in his proposal. “It enables people to understand what ingredients are used in foods even in foreign countries and safely select meals.” The reason that emojis are so universal is because they are chosen and developed by the Unicode Consortium, a non-profit corporation that oversees, develops and maintains how text is represented in all software products and standards. It is thanks to the Unicode Standard that when you text a friend six pizza emojis, they will see those six pizza slices on their phone regardless of whether they use an iPhone or an Android.

Because emojis are everywhere and iconic, they could be helpful for restaurants and food packaging designers to communicate whether a product is made with common allergens. But as Komatsu’s proposal argues, many of the most common food allergens – such as peanuts, soy and milk – are missing or poorly represented by the current emoji library. There is an emoji for octopus, but nothing for squid; there is a loaf of bread that could symbolize gluten, but a bundle of wheat could be clearer and more direct when labelling foods.

It is not uncommon for the Unicode Consortium to add new emojis to the library: several food-related emojis debuted last June, including a long-awaited taco emoji. However, some might complain about the continuing death of the written word if Komatsu’s proposal is accepted.

Adapted from “How emojis could help people with food allergies,” Smithsonian Magazine, 4 August 2015. <https://bit.ly/2vHCcue>

QUESTIONS

A.1 (2 puntos) Are the following statements TRUE or FALSE? Copy the evidence from the text. No marks are given for only TRUE or FALSE.

a) The most frequent food allergens are already present in the current emoji library.

b) Everybody thinks using emojis contributes to making texts richer.

A.2 (2 puntos) In your own words and based on the ideas in the text, answer the following questions. Do not copy from the text.

a) How can emojis help people with food allergies?

b) What is the role of the Unicode Consortium?

A.3 (1 punto) Find the words in the text that mean:

a) main (paragraph 1)

b) choose (paragraph 1)

c) supervises (paragraph 2)

d) pieces (paragraph 2)

A.4 (2 puntos) Complete the following sentences. Use the appropriate form of the word in brackets when given.

a) Emoji founder Shigetaka Kurita _______ (work) for a Japanese telecommunication firm in the 90s when he _______ (see) an opportunity to enhance written exchanges.

b) The use of food pictograms to communicate has been effective _______ early humans started drawing them _______ cave walls.

c) Emojis are becoming more popular _______ internet abbreviations _______ `lol´ or `muah´.

d) Last year, a proposal _______ (send) to the Unicode Consortium, _______ is responsible for developing Unicode.

A.5 (3 puntos) Write about 150 to 200 words on the following topic.

Are emojis helpful, are they simply a passing fashion, or are they actually destroying our languages? Write your opinion about it.

UNIVERSIDADES PÚBLICAS DE LA COMUNIDAD DE MADRID EVALUACIÓN PARA EL ACCESO A LAS ENSEÑANZAS UNIVERSITARIASOFICIALES DE GRADO Curso 2019-2020 MATERIA: INGLÉS

INSTRUCCIONES GENERALES Y VALORACIÓN Después de leer atentamente el examen, responda de la siguiente la siguiente forma:

• elija un texto A o B y conteste EN INGLÉS a las preguntas 1, 2, 3 y 4 del texto elegido.

• responda EN INGLÉS una pregunta a elegir entre las preguntas A.5 o B.5.

TIEMPO Y CALIFICACIÓN: 90 minutos. Las preguntas 1ª, 2ª y 4ª se calificarán sobre 2 puntos cada una, la pregunta 3ª sobre 1 punto, la pregunta 5ª sobre 3 puntos.

TEXTO B The Worst Hotel in the World The rooms are filthy, there is no hot water and the guests are encouraged to dry themselves off with the curtains to save on washing and in turn ‘save the planet’. But customers of the Hans Brinker Budget Hostel in Amsterdam can never say they weren’t warned. To prevent complaints, the owners of the $22.50-a-night hotel feel it is best to tell people in advance about what to expect, even if that means a potentially fatal disease or mental illness.

A lengthy disclaimer on their website reads: “Those wishing to stay at the Hans Brinker Budget Hotel do so at their own risk.” From grotty rooms without a view to dirty bathrooms with no hot water, the owners are happy to admit it is probably the worst hotel around.

The lift is broken so signs point guests towards the ‘eco-friendly elevator’ – or stairs – and by not providing hot water they claim, “it keeps water consumption moderate.” Advertising slogans include “It can’t get any worse. But we’ll do our best” as well as “Improve your immune system – stay at Hans Brinker!” or the modest claim “Now with beds in every room”.

But this hilariously honest approach seems to be a hit with travellers from all over the world, who are rushing to book one of the 127 rooms at the hotel. One traveller from Australia wrote: “For the reputation of the world’s worst hotel, it wasn’t as bad as I thought. Pretty scabby still, very basic. The bathroom was atrocious.” A more promising review reads: “Hans Brinker is a fun-filled hostel with great facilities, friendly staff and great location. You will not be disappointed.”

Adapted from “Proud to be the world’s worst hotel,” Daily Mail, Nov. 14, 2012.

<https://dailym.ai/352THl8>

QUESTIONS

B.1 (2 puntos) Are the following statements TRUE or FALSE? Copy the evidence from the text. No marks are given for only TRUE or FALSE.

a) The proprietors are bothered by the fact that their hotel is rated the worst hotel in the area.

b) Apparently, not many travellers want to stay in this hotel.

B.2 (2 puntos) In your own words and based on the ideas in the text, answer the following questions. Do not copy from the text.

a) How does the Hans Brinker Hotel avoid complaints?

b) Name two positive comments about the hotel mentioned in the reviews.

B.3 (1 punto) Find the words in the text that mean:

a) beforehand (paragraph 1)

b) mortal (paragraph 1)

c) humble (paragraph 3)

d) employees (paragraph 4)

B.4 (2 puntos) Complete the following sentences. Use the appropriate form of the word in brackets when given.

a) The only 7-star hotel, _______ is situated in Dubai, _______ (consider) to be the world’s most luxurious hotel.

b) Text marketing is not just about _______ (send out) offers _______ your previous and prospective customers.

c) I _______ (just/return) from the greatest summer holiday! It was _______ fantastic that I never wanted it to end.

d) Complete the following sentence to report what was said.

“We want to thank you and your family for being such loyal guests.” The manager told me _______________________________________________.

B.5 (3 puntos) Write about 150 to 200 words on the following topic.

Have you ever stayed at a really bad hotel or accommodation? Describe the experience or imagine what it would have been like.

CRITERIOS ESPECÍFICOS DE CORRECCIÓN El ejercicio incluirá cinco preguntas, pudiendo obtenerse por la suma de todas ellas una puntuación máxima de 10 puntos. Junto a cada pregunta se especifica la puntuación máxima otorgada. La valoración y los objetivos de cada una de estas preguntas son los siguientes:

Pregunta 1: Hasta 2 puntos. Se trata de medir exclusivamente la comprensión lectora.

El estudiante deberá decidir si dos frases que se le presentan son verdaderas o falsas, copiando a continuación únicamente el fragmento del texto que justifica su elección. Se otorgará 1 punto por cada apartado. Se calificará con 0 puntos la opción elegida que no vaya justificada.

Pregunta 2: Hasta 2 puntos. Se pretende comprobar dos destrezas: la comprensión lectora y la expresión escrita, mediante la formulación de dos preguntas abiertas que el estudiante deberá contestar basándose en la información del texto, pero utilizando sus propias palabras en la respuesta. Cada una de las preguntas valdrá 1 punto, asignándose 0,5 puntos a la comprensión de la pregunta y del texto, y 0,5 a la corrección gramatical y ortográfica de la respuesta.

Pregunta 3: Hasta 1 punto. Esta pregunta trata de medir el dominio del vocabulario en el aspecto de la comprensión. El estudiante demostrará esta capacidad localizando en el párrafo que se le indica un sinónimo, adecuado al contexto, de cuatro palabras o definiciones. Se adjudicará 0,25 por cada apartado.

Pregunta 4: Hasta 2 puntos. Con esta pregunta se pretende comprobar los conocimientos gramaticales del estudiante, en sus aspectos morfológicos y/o sintácticos.

Se presentarán oraciones con huecos que el estudiante deberá completar o rellenar.

También podrán presentarse oraciones para ser transformadas u otro tipo de ítem. Se adjudicará 0,25 a cada “hueco en blanco” y en el caso de las transformaciones o ítems de otro tipo se concederá 0,5 con carácter unitario.

Pregunta 5: Hasta 3 puntos. Se trata de una redacción, de 150 a 200 palabras, en la que el estudiante podrá demostrar su capacidad para expresarse libremente en inglés. Se propondrá una única opción y se otorgarán 1,5 puntos por el buen dominio de la lengua

– léxico, estructura sintáctica, etc. – y 1,5 por la madurez en la expresión de las ideas – organización, coherencia y creatividad. Para corregir esta redacción se utilizará la siguiente rúbrica de evaluación:

Puntuación: de 0 – 3 Cada apartado se valorará entre 0 y 0,5, según se ajuste a lo que figura en el descriptor de “Excelente” (con la nota máxima de 0,5) o de “Deficiente” (con la nota mínima de

0).

Excelente El mensaje es claro, preciso y coherente, con ideas interesantes, que se atienen al tema propuesto. Se sigue el requisito de extensión mínima.

Se muestra capacidad CONTENIDO para desarrollar un punto de vista personal, con opiniones originales. Las ideas se ilustran de forma adecuada.

FORMA

--- / 0,5

--- / 0,5

Se emplean conectores de forma efectiva y variada.

--- / 0,5

No hay errores importantes de gramática No muestra limitaciones en el uso del vocabulario que utiliza.

--- / 0,5

No hay errores importantes de ortografía y/o puntación.

Total

Nota

--- / 0,5

--- / 0,5

Deficiente El mensaje es demasiado confuso, ambiguo o incoherente, con ideas irrelevantes o repetitivas. No se sigue el requisito de extensión mínima.

Es difícil distinguir la postura personal del autor. Se incluyen generalidades sin fundamento, porque no se aportan datos o ejemplos que ilustren las ideas expuestas.

Faltan conectores adecuados y se acusa una falta de transiciones temáticas lógicas.

Hay errores graves de gramática Hay errores graves de léxico.

Hay múltiples equivocaciones en el uso de la ortografía y/o la puntuación.

--- / 3

INGLÉS SOLUCIONES TEXTO A - SUGGESTED ANSWERS Question A.1

a) FALSE: “But as Komatsu’s proposal argues, many of the most common food allergens – such as peanuts, soy and milk – are missing or poorly represented by the current emoji library.”

b) FALSE: “However, some might complain about the continuing death of the written word if Komatsu’s proposal is accepted.” Question A.2 Key ideas

a) They can help people understand what they are eating anywhere in the world and choose what they eat safely.

b) The Unicode Consortium guarantees that we can all see the same image no matter the company, the type of device, or the software being used.

Question A.3

a) major

b) select

c) oversees

d) slices Question A.4

a) was working ------- saw

b) since ------- on

c) than ------- like / such as

d) was sent ------- which

TEXTO B - SUGGESTED ANSWERS

Question B.1

a) FALSE: “From grotty rooms without a view to dirty bathrooms with no hot water, the owners are happy to admit it is probably the worst hotel around.”

b) FALSE: “But this hilariously honest approach seems to be a hit with travelers from all over the world, who are rushing to book one of the 127 rooms at the hotel.” Question B.2 Key ideas

a) They inform beforehand about what the clients are going to find if they decide to stay at their hotel. They consider that by doing so they are not responsible for any damage.

b) The employees are very pleasant; the hotel is very well located, and the services are fantastic. Besides, it is a very entertaining place.

Question B.3

a) in advance

b) fatal

c) modest

d) staff Question B.4

a) which ------- is considered

b) sending out -------- to

c) have just returned / just returned -------- so

d) The manager told me that they wanted / want to thank me and my family for being such loyal guests.